The Battle of Panipat Memorial society set-up by the Government Haryana, under the Chairmanship of the Hon’ble Governor, has organized for the first time a museum at Panipat to highlight major events that took place for over two hundred years which made Panipat , a place of great historical importance, for setting up the museum, the work was assigned to the Haryana state Chapter of the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH).
Panipat Museum has been especially established for dissminating information about archaeology, history, art and crafts of Haryana with special emphasis on the Battles of Panipat which marked the turning point in Indian history, The display of antiquities, inscription, sculptures, arms and armours, Pottery, old and valuable documents, jewellery and art and craft objects, have been augumented by maps, writeups photographs and translides, etc. To make the students, visitors and scholars aware of Haryana’s glorious past and its significant contribution to the cultural and political history of India. The main idea behind setting-up of this Museum is to create awareness among the visitors about the three successive battles of Panipat which virtually changed the course of history of India. Through display an attempt has been made to provide an insight into the acts of bravery of some valiant and patriotic warrios who sacrificed their lives at Panipat. These include, hemu-a local hero, Raja Surja Mal of Bharatpur, Vikramaditya (Vikramajit) of Gwalior, Maharaja of Patiala, Sher Shar SURI< Sadashiv Rao Bhau, Vishwas Rao Peshwa, Tukuj Shinde and Ch. Ganpat Rai (Pradhan of Sarvakhab Panchyat of village Sisauli).
Enlarged photographs of a large number of important miniatures, mostly from babur Nama and Akbar Nama, relating to these battles and personalities connected therewith, have been obtained from the National museum of New Delhi, The British Library, Victoria and Albert Museum of London. A Large number of contemporary weapons, armoury, guns, etc. have been acquired through loan from the Archaeological Survey of India, A large number of blow-ups of the buildings and sites of the region which are important from archeological as well as historical point of view have been provided by the Archeological survey of India for display in the museum. The photocopies of many original documents and handwritten latters concerning this theme, have been procured from the National Archives of India, the Government of Maharashtra, Rampur Raza Library and Library of the Aligarh Muslim Univesity. Akbar’s farman concerning Hemu is one such important handwritten document- a copy of which has been obtained from the National Archives, New Delhi.
The Department of Archaeology and Museums, Haryana is also associated with this project, has donated a large number of items for display in this Museum. These include replicas of a large number of artifacts in the form of status, pottery, coins, etc. which were collected from the excavated sites in Haryana besides a number of blow-ups of building and sites of historical and archaeological importance. In addition, a large number of items of traditional art have been procured from various districts of haryana with the help of District Administration which exhibit a glimpse of haryana’s traditional art.
The First Battle of Panipat was fought between sultan Ibrahim Lodhi of Delhi and Mughal invader, Zaheeruddin Babur on April21, A.D.1526. Ibrahim fought with a big army of one lakh soldiers whereas Babur possessed only 12 thousand soldiers but had cannons in a fair number. The supremacy in the art of fighting, the organization of force and the deadly use of cannons won for Babur a decisive battle over Ibrahim Lodi. Lodi was killed and Delhi and Agra passed on to the hands of Babur who laid the foundation of Mughal rule in India.
The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on November 5, 1556 between the able Hindu commander and the king Hemu and Akbar who succeeded Humayun to the throne of Delhi. Hemu led a far bigger army than Akbar’s army and in addition it also had 1500 elephants. Initially Hemu succeeded but an arrow hit his eye accidentally which reversed the fate of battle. Hemu fell unconscious and his army fled away. Hemu was caught and produced before the adolecent Akbar, who beheaded him and became the master of Delhi and Agra. This battle gave the final verdict in favour of the Mughals, and the Afghans were virtually expelled for the next 200 years.
The Third Battle of Paniapt was fought on January 14, 1761 between the Afghan invader Ahmed Shah Abdali and the Marathas,the protectors and friends of the Mughal emperor Shah Alam II . In this battle, the Maratha commander Sadashiv Rao Bhau was defeated by the Afghan commander Abdali by his military tactics. The Nawab of Oudh, Shuja-Uddaula and the Rohilla leader Sardar Najib Khan were on the side of Abdali, who in this fierce battle defeated the Maratha army in a decisive manner. Sadashiv Rao Bhau, the young son of Peshwa and a number if Maratha commanders fell on the battle-field. This gave a tremendous blow to the Maratha power. Only six months later,the disheartened Peshwa, balaji Rao, died. The battle proved to be disastrous as not only the Marathas had to bear tremendous losses, but the event marked the beginning of the downfall of the Mughals. On the other hand, there was confrontation among the Muslim rulers. All these paved the way for the rise of British power in India Corporation
Historical Place in Panipat
Panipat : The City Historical
The roots of the town of Panipat a District Headquarter 34 kilomerters south of Karnal on Sher Shah Suri Marg - goes to antiquity. Excavations of the Panipat Grey Ware a district Kind of pottery at Panipat has revealed the existence of early Aryan settlements at the place. Panipat was one of the five disputed "Prasthas" during the Mahabharata War.
Historically speaking, Paniapt has ever been more importance politically as well as administratively than Karnal. In the days gone by, it was described by the French Traveller Jacquemount, as the largest city except Delhi which he saw in North India .There was originally one Tehsil at Panipat alone . The headquarters of the district has remained at Panipat till as late as 1854, when was shifted to Karnal.
The old fort is in shambles today. The walled city of Panipat, which has 15 gates gently from all sites towards the fort. It strategic location has made Panipat the scene of some of the historical battles in Indian History. The Mughals Babar onwards had always had a soft cornor for the city. Under the Patronage of the Muslim rulers, Panipat emerged as a centre of Sufi saints, Muslim scholars, the ologians and Mughal aries. Most of the Historical Building in date neck to their reign.
Grave of Ibrahim Lodhi :
The tomb is situated near a Tehsil Offcie at Panipat. Ibrahim Lodhi fought fiercely with his uncle Babur, in the battle known to us today as the "First Battle of Panipat" and was slained and burried at this place. It was one of Sher Shah Suri’s dying regret that he could never fulfil his intention of erecting a tomb to the fallem monarch. Much later, the British erected a plain plateform over the place, with ashort Urdu Inspriction on it.
Another memorial of some kind, however, appears to existed which used to from a place of pilgrimage for the people of Gwalior sine Vikramaditya the last Raja of the old Towrebs dyansty of Gwalior, fell in the same battle. This memorial, according to general Cunningham, was destroyed when the Grand Trunk Road was made.
Kabuli Bagh :
The garden of Kabuli Bagh along with a mosque and a tank was built by Babur after the First battle to commemorate his victory over Ibrahim Lodhi. Some years later when Humayun defeated Salem Shah near Panipat, he added a masonary Platform to it and called it ‘Chabutra" Fateh Mubarak, bearing the inspription 934 Hijri (A.D.1557).These building and the garden still exist under the name of Kabuli Bagh called so after Babur’s wife – Mussammat Kabuli begum.
DEVI TEMPLE :
A temple dedicated to local deity exists on the bank of a large tank. A Shiva temple believed to have been built by Maratha named Mangal Raghunath who had remained in Panipat after the battle, also exists besides it.
KALA AMB :
According to the tradition, the site 8 Kilometers from Panipat and 42 Kilometers from Karnal, where Sadashiv Rao Bhau commanded his maratha forces during the third battle of Panipat was marked, by a black Mango Tree (Kala Amb) which has since disappeared. The dark colour of its foliage was probably the origin of the name. The site has a brick Piller with an iron rod and the structure is surrounded by an iron fence.The site is being developed and beautified by a society with Governor, Haryana as its President.
The counrty side is no less famous than the city of Panipat remanets of various buildings and structure alongwith galical and archaeologocal intrest.
Salar Gunj Gate :
This gate is situated in the middle of Panipat city historical importance to Nawab Salar Juge, The gate still denoting its archacological interest .
Tomb of Bu-Ali Shah Kalandar :
Seven hundared years old this tomb is known as Dargah of Shah Kalandar Khizar Khan son of allau-din Khilji who got this tomb constructed. Bu-Ali-Shah kalander was born in 1190 A.D. His father’s name was Salar Fakirudin.
There are tombs of Hakim Mukaram Khan and Khawaja Altaf Hussain Hali in the premises of this tomb. Hali was a great Urdu poet. A large number of people from all walks of life, Hindu, Muslims, Sikh and Christians visit the tomb of Shah Kalandar and offer prayers here on every Thursday.
SHRI RAM SHARNAM, PANIPAT :
Shri Ram Sharnam stands as an emblem of supreme devotion to Shri Ram and Selfless service of humanity in the war : ravaged historical city of Panipat. The grace and dignity of its congregation halls and its atmosphare suffused with pity and devotion attract devotees in large numbers. With ceutres spread all over India and abrod, Shri Ram Sharnam Panipat has the honour of being the only prayer hall inaugrated by Swami Satya Nandji himself in 1960, who described it as devinely inspired. swamiji's great desciple Maa Shakuntala Devi and Maa Darshi Devi, the present head of Shri Ram Sharnam have worked with great commitment and devotion to develop it into a singular place for the mental, moral and spiritual advancement of its innumerable devotees.
WHERE TO STAY :
| SNo | Place of Stay (Hotel) | Telephone No. |
1. | Hotel Sky Lark | 2641051, 2633925 |
| 2. | Kala Amb | 2646242 |
| 3. | Blue Jay Samalkha | 2572110 |
| 4. | Hotel Nirula | 2636702-3-4 |
| 5. | Hotel Mid Town | 2667901-02 |
| 6. | Hotel Gold | 2660012, 2660015 |
| 7. | Hotel Maharaja | 2668303, 2668304 |
| 8. | Hotel Regency | 2667100, 2667801 |
| 9. | Hotel Singla | 2645617 |
| 10. | Hotel Surya | 2666435, 2666799 |
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